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European Union

The European Union or the EU is an intergovernmental and supranational union of 25 European countries, known as member states. The European Union was established under that name in 1992 by the Treaty on European Union, the Maastricht Treaty. However, many aspects of the Union existed before that date through a series of predecessor relationships, dating back to 1951.

The European Union’s activities cover all areas of public policy, from health and economic policy to foreign affairs and defence.” However, the extent of its powers differs greatly between areas. Depending on the area, the EU may therefore resemble a federation, for example, on monetary affairs, agricultural, trade and environmental policy or a confederation, for example, on social and economic policy, consumer protection, home affairs, or even an international organization, for example, in foreign affairs.

A key activity of the EU is the establishment and administration of a common single market,

consisting of a customs union, a single currency adopted by 12 of the 25 member states, a Common Agricultural Policy, a common trade policy, and a Common Fisheries Policy.

The most important EU institutions are the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, the European Parliament and the European Court of Justice. As to the enlargement of the EU there were five successive enlargements, with the largest occurring on May 1,2004, when 10 new member states joined. Notwithstanding Greenland doesn’t enter the EU because it was granted home rule by Denmark in 1979 and left the European Community in 1985, following a referendum.

Romania and Bulgaria will join the EU on 1 January 2007, so European Union will have 27 member states but if Croatia enter the EU by the year 2008 it will have 28 member-states. In time the European Union may grow to 30 member states. The process of enlargement is sometimes referred to as European integration. In order to join the European Union, a state needs to fulfill the economic and political conditions generally known as the Copenhagen criteria, after the Copenhagen summit in June 1993. Also, according to the EU Treaty, each current member state and the European Parliament have to agree.

The European Union has 25 member states, an area of 3,892,685 km2 and approximately 460 million EU citizens as of December 2004. If it were a country, it would be the seventh largest in the world by area and the third largest by population after China and India. The European Union has land borders with 20 nations and sea borders with 31.


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  3. Перевод слова European European – европейский, европеец Перевод слова The European conquerors of Mexico – европейские завоеватели Мексики enlargement of the European Union – расширение Европейского Союза central european – центральноевропейский All European domestic cattle belong to the same species. Весь домашний европейский скот относятся к одному виду. They might find traces of European sojourn on the island. […]...
  4. Перевод слова union Union – союз, объединение Перевод слова A gracious union of excellence and strength – привлекательное сочетание мастерства и силы customs union – таможенный союз union of sets – объединение множеств Soviet Union – Советский Союз They live in perfect Union. Они живут в полном согласии. Their Union was blessed with three children. Бог послал им […]...
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  11. Пословица / поговорка union is strength – перевод и значение, пример использования Пословица / поговорка: union is strength Перевод: вместе – сила (т. е. группа людей может больше, чем один человек) Пример: We cannot allow our opponents to divide us. Union is strength. Нельзя позволять нашим противникам разделять нас. Вместе мы сила....
  12. Перевод слова economic Economic – экономический, рентабельный, прикладной Перевод слова Economic policy – экономическая политика economic grade – оптимальный уклон (дороги) economic botany – прикладная ботаника Economic growth is slow. Экономический рост замедляется. Economic reform is needed. Экономические реформы необходимы. The country is in Economic stasis. Страна переживает экономический застой....
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  14. Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the U. K., or Britain) is a country to the northwest of mainland Europe. It comprises the island of Great Britain, the northeast part of the island of Ireland and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of […]...
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  27. Значение идиомы hands-off [hands-off] {adj.}, {informal} Leaving alone, not interfering;inactive. The United States told the European governments to followa hands-off policy toward Latin America. I did not approve of hisactions, but I have a hands-off rule in personal matters, so I saidnothing....
  28. Перевод слова policy Policy – политика, система, методика Перевод слова Carrot-and-stick policy – политика кнута и пряника first-in-first-out policy – очередность обслуживания в порядке поступления employment policy – политика полной занятости to adopt a policy – принимать курс Honesty is the best Policy. Честность – лучшая политика. It was bad Policy to attempt disguise. Притворяться было глупо. The […]...
  29. Moscow News Топик Московские новости рассказывает об истории создания и развития знаменитой газеты “Московские новости” на английском и русском языках, известную каждому изучающему английский язык. Из этой газеты можно узнать обо всем, что происходит в России, Москве, других странах мира. В газете много интересных рубрик и рекламы. “Moscow News” is a national weekly newspaper. The first issue […]...
  30. The US System of Education American education remains today what it was in the earliest days of the Republic: the anvil upon which the national culture is created and adapted to changing needs. Its goal is universal education from kindergarten to university. All, regardless of race or class or economic status, are entitled to a fair chance and to the […]...
  31. Britain’s Ecological Activity Mankind for a long time believed that, whatever we did, the Earth would remain much the same. Now we know that it is untrue. Nature is under threat. One country’s pollution is every country’s problem. So we all need to work together to safeguard our environment. .We have a moral duty to look after our […]...
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  35. Commonwealth of Independent States – Содружество Независимых Государств – СНГ The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a confederation, or alliance, created by Russia, Ukraine and Byelorussia. Up to 2005 it consisted of 11 former Soviet Republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Turkmenistan discontinued permanent membership as of August 26,2005 and is now an associate member. The creation […]...
  36. Madagascar My report is on Madagascar. Madagascar is an island near the continent of Africa. It is the fourth largest island in the world. It is situated in the Indian Ocean. Madagascar is formed by one large island and several small islands. The country’s total area is 226,658 square miles. It is about the size of […]...
  37. English is the Language of Communication Топик Английский язык является языком общения – расскажет, что изучение иностранных языков необходимо в настоящее время. Но самым распространенным и важным для общения людей разных национальностей является английский язык. На нем говорят во всем мире и это официальный язык Великобритании, Ирландии, Соединенных Штатов Америки, Канады, Австралии. Зная английский язык, вы можете без проблем путешествовать по […]...
  38. Canada (3) Топик Канада (3) рассказывает о численности и составе населения Канады, о форме правления в стране и о том, что сохранение общности в стране – сейчас является главной задачей Правительства Канады. Canada is the second largest country in the world. Only Russia has a greater land area. Canada is situated in North America. Canada is slightly […]...
  39. Значение идиомы open shop [open shop] {n. phr.} A factory or firm that employs both union andnon-union labor. The firm refuses to adopt an open shop policy. Contrast: CLOSED SHOP....
  40. Russia (7) Russia is the largest country in the world. The country is washed by seas and oceans. There are many rivers in Russia. The largest rivers are the Volga in Europe and the Yenisei and Ob in Asia. The deepest lakes are the Baikal and Ladoga. Russia is located on two plains the Great Russia Plain […]...
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