Английские идиомы

[throw over] {v.} To give up for another; break your loyalty orattachment to. Bob threw Mary over for a new girlfriend. Tomthrew over those who helped him run for class president after he waselected.

[hide one’s face] or [hide one’s head] {v. phr.} 1. To lower yourhead or turn your face away because of shame or embarrassment. Theteacher found out that Tom had cheated, and Tom hid his head. WhenBob said how pretty Mary was, she blushed and hid her face. 2. Tofeel embarrassed or ashamed. We will beat … Читать далее

[take a stand] {v. phr.} To assert one’s point. of view; declareone’s position. It is time for American society to take a standagainst crime.

[take to the woods] {v. phr.}, {informal} To run away and hide. When John saw the girls coming, he took to the woods. Bob took tothe woods so he would not have to mow the grass. Compare: HEAD FORTHE HILLS.

[play hard to get] {v. phr.} To act as if one weren’t interested;be fickle; be coy. «Professor Brown is playing very hard to get,»our dean said, «but I know he will accept our offer and come to teachhere.»

[on the string] or [on a string] {adv. phr.}, {informal} Under yourinfluence or control; obedient to every wish. The baby had hismother on a string. She was pretty and popular, with two or threeboys on the string all the time.

[not to touch with a ten-foot pole] {v. phr.} Toconsider something completely undesirable or uninteresting. Somepeople won’t touch spinach with a ten-foot pole. Kids who wouldn’ttouch an encyclopedia with a ten-foot pole love to find informationwith this computer program.

[at the top of one’s voice] or [at the top of one’s lungs] {adv. phr.} As loud as you can; with the greatest possible sound; very loudly. He was singing at the top of his voice. He shouted at the top of his lungs.

Идиома: get into hot water Перевод: попасть в беду, в неприятности, в трудное положение Пример: We got into hot water when they found us in the building after it had closed. Мы попали в неприятности, когда они нашли нас в здании после закрытия.

[throw up] {v.} 1. {informal} or {slang} [heave up]. To vomit. The heat made him feel sick and he thought he would throw up. Hetook the medicine but threw it up a minute later. 2. {informal} Toquit; leave; let go; give up. When she broke their engagement hethrew up his job and left town. 3. … Читать далее

[hand-to-mouth] {adj.} Not providing for the future; living fromday to day; not saving for later. Many native tribes lead ahand-to-mouth existence, content to have food for one day at a time. John is not a saving boy; he spends his money without thought forthe future, and lives a hand-to-mouth life. See: LIVE FROM HAND TOMOUTH.

Идиома: go-go Перевод: энергичный, активный, динамичный Пример: Kids are much more go-go and active these days. Молодые люди куда более активные и деятельные в эти дни.

[chain stores] {n.} A series of stores in different locations, joined together under one ownership and general management. The goods in chain stores tend to be more uniform than in independent ones.

Идиома: there is the rub / there lies the rub Перевод: вот в чем загвоздка, вот в чем трудность Пример: The factory is ready to go, but there’s the rub — there’s no market for the products. Завод готов к запуску, но вот загвоздка — на рынке нет спроса на эти товары.

[open the floodgates] {v. phr.} To let loose an outburst of humanactivity or emotion. It would open the floodgates of anger anddiscontent if the university raised tuition too soon.

Идиома: through and through Перевод: совершенно, полностью Пример: I was wet through and through after walking in the heavy rain. Я совершенно промок, после того, как ходил под проливным дождем.

[go back on one’s word] {v. phr.} To renege; break a promise. Patrick went back on his word when he refused to marry Karen in spiteof his earlier promise.

[sucker list] {n.}, {slang} A list of easily-fooled people, especially people who are easily persuaded to buy things or givemoney. The crook got hold of a sucker list and started out to sellhis worthless stock. Mr. Smith gets so many advertisements in hismail that he says he is on every sucker list in the country.

[souped-up] {adj.}, {informal} More powerful or faster because ofchanges and additions. Many teen-aged boys like to drive souped-upcars. The basketball team won the last five games with souped-upplays.

[Indian summer] {n. phr.} A dry and warm period of time late in thefall, usually in October. After the cold and foggy weather, we hada brief Indian summer, during which the temperature was up in the highseventies.

[if the shoe fits, wear it] If what is said describes you, you aremeant. — A proverb. I won’t say who, but some children are alwayslate. If the shoe fits, Wear it.

[shaggy dog ] {n. phr.} A special kind of joke whose longand often convoluted introduction and development delay the effect ofthe punch line. Uncle Joe only seems to bore his audiences with hislong shaggy dog jokes, for when he comes to the long-awaited punchline, he gets very few laughs.

[cool down] or [cool off] {v.} To lose or cause to lose the heat of any deep feeling ; make or become calm, cooled or indifferent; lose interest. A heated argument can be settled better if both sides cool down first. John was deeply in love with Sally before he left for college, but he … Читать далее

[too close for comfort] {adj. phr.} Perilously near. When the sniper’s bullet hit the road the journalistexclaimed, «Gosh, that was too close for comfort!» Compare: CLOSECALL, CLOSE SHAVE.

[breathe down one’s neck] {v. phr.}, {informal} To follow closely; threaten from behind; watch every action. Too many creditors were breathing down his neck. The carpenter didn’t like to work for Mr. Jones, who was always breathing down his neck.

[at large] {adv.} or {adj. phr.} 1. Not kept within walls, fences, or boundaries; free. The killer remained at large for weeks. Compare: AT LIBERTY. Cattle and sheep roamed at large on the big ranch. 2. In a broad, general way; at length; fully. The superintendent talked at large for an hour about his hopes … Читать далее

Идиома: arrive on the scene / arrive at the scene Перевод: появиться где-либо, прибыть куда-либо Пример: When the fire department arrived on the scene the fire was finished. Когда пожарная бригада прибыла, огонь уже потух.

[take in tow] {v. phr.} To take charge of; lead; conduct. Brianand Kate took a group of children in tow when they went to see thecircus.

[learn by rote] {v. phr.} To blindly memorize what was taughtwithout thinking about it. If you learn a subject by rote, it willbe difficult to say anything original about it.

Идиома: at it again Перевод: снова что-либо делать Пример: The two boys were at it again. We could hear them fighting. Два мальчика опять взялись за старое. Мы слышали, как они дрались.

Идиома: give someone a hand Перевод: помочь кому-либо Пример: Please give me a hand to move this piano. Помоги мне, пожалуйста, пододвинуть это пианино.

Идиома: head over heels (in love with someone) Перевод: по уши влюбленный в кого-либо Пример: Sam is head over heels in love with someone in his company. Сэм по уши влюблен в кого-то из своей фирмы.

[tip off] {v.}, {informal} To tell something not generally known;tell secret facts to; warn. The class president tipped off theclass that it was the superintendent’s birthday. The thieves didnot rob the bank as planned because someone tipped them off that itwas being watched by the police. Compare: PUT WISE.

[hold up] {v.} 1. To raise; lift. John held up his hand. 2. Tosupport; hear; carry. The chair was too weak to hold up Mrs. Smith. 3. To show; call attention to; exhibit. The teacher held upexcellent models of composition for her class to imitate. 4. Tocheck; stop; delay. The wreck held up traffic on … Читать далее

[turn the trick] {v. phr.}, {informal} To bring about the resultyou want; succeed in what you plan to do. Jerry wanted to win boththe swimming and diving contests, but he couldn’t quite turn thetrick. Compare: DO THE TRICK.

[penalty box] {n.} A place where penalized hockey players arerequired to go to wait until the penalty is over. Two players gotinto a fight and were sent to the penalty box for two minutes.

[on deposit] {adv. phr.} In a bank. I have almost $500 ondeposit in my account. The children save their pennies and eachmonth place them on deposit.

Идиома: take a bath (on something) Идиома: take a bath (on something) Разг. Перевод: нести крупные финансовые потери, убытки на чем-либо Пример: My aunt took a bath on the stock market last year and she is afraid to buy stocks now. В прошлом году моя тетя понесла убытки на бирже, и теперь она боится покупать … Читать далее

[in so many words] {adv. phr.} 1. In those exact words. Hehinted that he thought we were foolish but did not say so in so manywords. 2. or [in no uncertain terms] In an outspoken way; plainly;directly. I told him in so many words that he was crazy. Bobwas very late for their date, and … Читать далее

[ways and means] {n. plural} Methods of getting something done orgetting money; how something can be done and paid for. The boyswere trying to think of ways and means to go camping for the weekend. The United States Senate has a committee on ways and means.

[grease one’s palm] or [grease the palm] {slang} 1. To pay a personfor something done or given, especially dishonestly; bribe. Somepoliticians will help you if you grease their palms. 2. To give atip; pay for a special favor or extra help. We had to grease thepalm of the waiter to get a table in the … Читать далее

[take it or leave it] {v. phr.}, {informal} To accept somethingwithout change or refuse it; decide yes or no. — Often used like acommand. He said the price of the house was $10,000, take it orleave it.

Идиома: same to you Перевод: то же самое относится и к тебе Пример: «The same to you,» the boy said when his friend said that he was stupid. «Ты тоже,» сказал мальчик, когда его друг назвал его глупцом.

Идиома: a dog’s age Перевод: очень долгое время, целая вечность Пример: Mel! I haven’t seen you for a dog’s age — at least ten years! Мел! Я тебя целую вечность не видел, лет десять точно!

[set one’s face against] {v. phr.}, {literary} To be very muchagainst; strongly disapprove. The banker’s daughter wanted to marrya poor boy, but her father set his face against it.

[all eyes] {adj. phr.}, {informal} Wide-eyed with surprise or curiosity; watching very closely. — Used in the predicate. At the circus the children were all eyes.

[pull over] {v.} To drive to the side of the road and stop. Thepoliceman told the speeder to pull over. Everyone pulled over tolet the ambulance pass.

[set ablaze] {v. phr.} To cause to burn by lighting with a match orother incendiary device. The criminals poured gasoline on the houseand set it ablaze with a small lighter.

[rip into] or [tear into] {v.}, {informal} 1. To start a fightwith; attack. The puppy is tearing into the big dog. Syn.: PITCHINTO. 2. To quarrel with; scold. Mrs. Brown ripped into herdaughter for coming home late. Syn.: BAWL OUT, LACE INTO, LAY OUT, LET HAVE IT.

[out of nowhere] {adv. phr.} Without having been seen before;suddenly and unexpectedly. Mr. Jones was driving too fast on theexpress highway when a police patrol car appeared out of nowhere andstopped him. Syn.: OUT OF THE BLUE.